questions and answers: pañhá-byákarana (q.v.).

radiant gods: ábhassara; cf. deva.

rága: 'lust', 'greed', is a synonym of lobha (s. múla), tanhá (q.v.) and abhijjhá (s. kammapatha). For káma-, rúpa-, arúpa-rága, s. samyojana.

rága-carita: the 'greedy-natured'; s. carita.

rapture: píti (q.v.); further s. bojjhanga.

reaction, sense-: s. patigha.

ready-wit: s. patisambhidá.

reality: s. paramattha. - Vision and knowledge according to r.- s. vipassaná 15.

realization: For theory, practice and r., s. pariyatti.

rebirth: s. patisandhi, paticcasamuppáda (3,10), karma, punabbhava.

receptive consciousness: sampaticchana-citta (s. viññánakicca).

recollectons: s. anussati.

red-kasina exercise: s. kasina.

reflecting contemplation: patisankhánupassaná (s. vipassaná, 17).

reflection, power of: patisankhána-bala (q.v.).

reflex-perceptions: s. patigha (2a).

refuge-formula, the 3-fold: ti-sarana (q.v.).

regenerating process: upapatti-bhava (s. bhava).

regenerative karma: janaka-kamma (s. karma).

registering consciousness: tadárammana-citta (s. viññána-kicca).

relative truth: cf. puggala, paramattha-sacca, desaná, anattá, satta.

remembrance, of former existences: s. abhiññá 4.

remorse: kukkucca (q.v.).

repetition: ásevana-paccaya, is one of the 24 conditions (paccaya, q.v.).

repression, overcoming by: vikkhambhana-pahána (s. pahána).

repugnance: patigha (q.v.).

resistance-perceptions: s. patigha (2a).

restlessness: uddhacca (q.v.).

retrospective knowledge: paccavekkhana-ñána (q.v.).

reversible merit: patti-dána (q.v.).

right understanding (or r. view), r. thought, etc.: s. magga.

rise and fall (of phenomena): the knowledge consisting in the contemplation of r. and f., s. visuddhi VI, 1.

round of rebirth: s. vatta (2), samsára. - The 3-fold r. of r. (s. vatta, 1).

rukkha mulik'anga: s. dhutanga.

rules and ritual, clinging to mere: (s. samyojana, upádána).

ruminating-natured: vitakka-carita (s. carita).

rúpa: (1) corporeality (s. khandha 1); (2) visual object (s. áyatana); (3) fine-material (s. avacara, jhána).

rúpa-jjhána: s. jhána.

rúpa-kalápa: 'corporeal group', material unit, designates a combination of several physical phenomena constituting a temporary unity. Thus, for instance, the so-called 'dead matter' forms the most primitive group, consisting only of 8 physical phenomena, called the 'pure eightfold unit' or 'octad' (suddhatthakakalápa), to wit: the 4 elements (the solid, fluid, heat, motion); colour, smell, taste, nutriment (pathaví, ápo, tejo, váyo; vanna, gandha, rasa, ojá). In Vis.M., and elsewhere, it is also called ojatthamaka-kalápa, 'the octad with nutriment as the 8th factor'.

The simplest form of living matter is the '9-fold vitality unit' or 'life-ennead' (jívita-navaka-kalápa), formed by adding 'vitality' to the octad. Seven decades, or units of ten (dasaka-kalápa), are formed by adding to the 9-fold unit one of the following corporeal phenomena: heart (physical seat of mind), sex, eye, ear, nose, tongue or body. - See Vis.M. XVIII, 4; Compendium of Buddhist Philosophy (PTS), p. 164, 250; Atthasálini Tr., II, 413f.

rúpa-káya: 'body-group', as distinguished from náma-káya, 'mind-group' (q.v.). See náma-rúpa.

rúpa-kkhandha: 'corporeality group'; s. khandha (1).

rúpa loka: 'fine-material world'; s. loka.

rúpárammana: 'visual object', designates the external of visual physical phenomenon ('light wave') that forms the base consciousness. Cf. áyatana (2).

rúpa-rúpa = nipphanna-rúpa (q.v.).

rúpávacara: s. avacara.

rúpáyatana: s. áyatana (2).